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Vaccines are available to prevent the respiratory and abortion forms of EHV, but none are labeled as effective against the neurologic form of the disease (EHM). Vaccination may reduce the severity of clinical signs and may lead to reduced viral shedding. In breeding operations the use of vaccination appears to be effective at reducing the risk of EHV-1 and EHV-4 abortions and its use is strongly recommended. Pregnant mares with foals at their side should be kept in small groups and prevented from contacting new introductions. Isolate new horses for a minimum of 21 days (30 is strongly recommended), this includes returning horses who have left the farm to attend any event. Practice good hygiene and biosecurity.
Equine herpes virus (EHV-1 and EHV-4) is spread via nose to nose contact, contaminated equipment (water and feed buckets, tack and grooming supplies, and shoes) and respiratory secretions within stalls/stables. Aborted fetuses and after-birth can also contain the virus. EHV-3 is spread through venereal transmission or contaminated equipment used for breeding.
Treatment consists of supportive care which may include IV fluid therapy and anti-inflammatories to reduce fever. In more severe neurologic cases treatment may require hospitalization with more intensive veterinary care. The majority of horses with uncomplicated infections recover.
Clinical signs may be non-specific and some horses may be non-clinical