Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
What is Influenza A Virus in Swine (IAV-S)
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There are three subtypes of influenza A viruses that are commonly found in United States swine: H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2. Most of the influenza viruses that circulate in pigs are different from the ones that circulate in people. However, pigs may occasionally become infected by influenza viruses found in people or birds.There are a number of USDA supported resources available to guide the veterinarians in options for diagnostics and vaccination:
Pigs share influenza viruses the same way humans share influenza viruses, through close contact, coughing, and sneezing. It is also possible that contaminated objects (such as farming equipment) can spread the virus from infected animals to non-infected animals.
Influenza viruses are common in swine, usually causing a high rate of infection but few deaths. In many instances swine show no signs of illness. Animals typically begin getting sick 1–3 days after being infected with the virus. Symptoms may include coughing or barking, sneezing, high fever, difficulty breathing, runny nose, not eating, or not wanting to get up and move around.
If you see any of these signs in your pigs, try to isolate the sick animal(s) from the rest of the herd, provide supportive care, and contact your veterinarian.
Vaccination prior to onset of illness with either commercially available influenza vaccines or autogenous influenza vaccines is often at least partially effective in reducing clinical signs and virus shedding. However, because these viruses can change rapidly, vaccination can sometimes fail to provide a satisfactory level of protection.
Quarterly Surveillance Reports
FY2021 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2020 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2019 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2018 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2017 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2016 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2015: 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter/ 4th Quarter
Internal and external program reviews were initiated in FY 2015 for APHIS’ surveillance program for influenza A virus in swine (IAV-S) to assess the program and help inform future VS budget formulation efforts. The original funding for this program was received from DHHS as part of a fiscal year (FY) 2009 supplemental appropriation in response to the H1N1 pandemic. This funding source is projected to last through FY 2016. Funding beyond FY2016 is uncertain.
The assessment undertaken by APHIS’ Office for Policy and Program Development (PPD) was meant to evaluate what results had been achieved by the IAV-S surveillance program and to determine changes that would be needed as the current program is transitioned into part of a larger comprehensive surveillance program for swine. It incorporates the opinions of key stakeholders and program officials to highlight issues that may be relevant to future program management or budget formulation activities. The external review, performed under contract with an independent scientific professional, examined the technical and scientific merit of the program and made recommendations for future program efficiencies.
Classical Swine Fever
Pseudorabies
Swine Brucellosis
Other Swine Surveillance Resources
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