What is Influenza A Virus in Swine (IAV-S)

There are a number of USDA supported resources available to guide the veterinarians in options for diagnostics and vaccination:

• Sandbulte, M.R.; Spickler, A.R.; Zaabel, P.K.; Roth, J.A. Optimal Use of Vaccines for Control of Influenza A Virus in Swine. Vaccines 2015, 3, 22-73.  
• A Review of Optimal Use of Diagnostics and Vaccines for Control of Influenza A Virus Infection in Swine

• Information on USDA surveillance for influenza A viruses in swine
  
• Influenza A Virus in Swine (IAV-S) Surveillance
  

Pigs share influenza viruses the same way humans share influenza viruses, through close contact, coughing, and sneezing. It is also possible that contaminated objects (such as farming equipment) can spread the virus from infected animals to non-infected animals.

Influenza viruses are common in swine, usually causing a high rate of infection but few deaths. In many instances swine show no signs of illness. Animals typically begin getting sick 1–3 days after being infected with the virus. Symptoms may include coughing or barking, sneezing, high fever, difficulty breathing, runny nose, not eating, or not wanting to get up and move around.

If you see any of these signs in your pigs, try to isolate the sick animal(s) from the rest of the herd, provide supportive care, and contact your veterinarian.

• National Pork Board Factsheet: INFLUENZA: Pigs, People and Public Health
• Influenza Vaccine Selection for Pigs
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Information for Pork Producers and People Who Work with or Raise Pigs

Vaccination prior to onset of illness with either commercially available influenza vaccines or autogenous influenza vaccines is often at least partially effective in reducing clinical signs and virus shedding.  However, because these viruses can change rapidly, vaccination can sometimes fail to provide a satisfactory level of protection.

Influenza A Virus in Swine (IAV-S)

Quarterly Surveillance Reports
FY2022 : 1st Quarter  /2nd Quarter
FY2021 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2020 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2019 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2018 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2017 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2016 : 1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter / 4th Quarter
FY2015:  1st Quarter / 2nd Quarter / 3rd Quarter/  4th Quarter      

2015 IAV-S Surveillance Program Assessments

Internal and external program reviews were initiated in FY 2015 for APHIS’ surveillance program for influenza A virus in swine (IAV-S) to assess the program and help inform future VS budget formulation efforts. The original funding for this program was received from DHHS as part of a fiscal year (FY) 2009 supplemental appropriation in response to the H1N1 pandemic. This funding source is projected to last through FY 2016.  Funding beyond FY2016 is uncertain.

The assessment undertaken by APHIS’ Office for Policy and Program Development (PPD) was meant to evaluate what results had been achieved by the IAV-S surveillance program and to determine changes that would be needed as the current program is transitioned into part of a larger comprehensive surveillance program for swine.  It incorporates the opinions of key stakeholders and program officials to highlight issues that may be relevant to future program management or budget formulation activities.  The external review, performed under contract with an independent scientific professional, examined the technical and scientific merit of the program and made recommendations for future program efficiencies.

• IAV-S National Surveillance: APHIS-Policy and Program Assessment Executive Summary
• IAV-S National Surveillance Technical Review Executive Summary with Recommendations
  

Classical Swine Fever

• USDA APHIS Classical Swine Fever Surveillance Program

Pseudorabies

• National Pseudorabies Surveillance Plan
• Pseudorabies disease information, indemnity information, and frequently asked questions
• Pseudorabies Surveillance in Feral Hogs (APHIS - National Wildlife Research Center)

Swine Brucellosis

• USDA APHIS Swine Brucellosis Information

Other Swine Surveillance Resources

• NAHMS Swine Studies
• Swine Health Protection Act Information

• American Association of Swine Veterinarians
• CFSPH Technical Factsheet Swine Influenza
• National Assembly of State Animal Health Officials and the National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians: Measures to Minimize Influenza Transmission at Swine Exhibitions, 2018