United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Virulent Newcastle Disease (vND)
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Virulent Newcastle Disease (vND)
Virulent Newcastle disease, formerly known as exotic Newcastle disease, is a contagious and fatal viral disease affecting the respiratory, nervous and digestive systems of birds and poultry. The disease is so virulent that many birds and poultry die without showing any clinical signs.
Virulent Newcastle disease is not a food safety concern. No human cases of Newcastle disease have ever occurred from eating poultry products. Properly cooked poultry products are safe to eat. In very rare instances, people working directly with sick birds can become infected with mild symptoms, such as conjunctivitis. These are easily prevented with personal protective equipment.
Biosecurity keeps your birds healthy
- Minimize visitors
- Wash your hands before and after working with poultry
- Provide disposable boot covers
- Change clothes upon entering and exiting poultry areas
- Clean and disinfect tools
- Look for signs of illness
- Report sick birds immediately
For more information on keeping your birds safe, go to Defend the Flock Program
Resources
- Protect Your Farm Using Biosecurity, July 2019
- Know the Signs and Report Sick Birds, July 2019
- Don’t Move Birds Out of a Quarantined Area, July 2019
- vND Factsheet
- END Card
- Epidemiologic Analyses of VND in Poultry, July 2019
- Epidemiologic Analyses of VND in Backyard Birds, August 2018
- Epidemiologic Analyses of VND in Backyard Birds, December 2018
vND in California 2018-2020
*On June 1, 2020, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) certifies that the United States of America (U.S.A.) has satisfied the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) criteria for eradication of virulent Newcastle disease (vND) from poultry as defined by the OIE and exhibition birds. The California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) and USDA have announced an end to the vND quarantine in Southern California. The State quarantine for VND encompassed Los Angeles, western Riverside, and western San Bernardino Counties, an area where millions of commercial and backyard poultry live. This action once again allows poultry to move freely within California without a CDFA permit. All necessary actions and surveillance requirements have been completed in accordance with the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code with no further detections of the disease. The virus has been completely stamped out and there are no further infected zones. All restrictive measures in relation to vND in the U.S.A. have therefore been lifted. The USDA APHIS, now considers the vND event officially closed and resolved.
Between May 17, 2018 and May 31, 2020, USDA confirmed 476 positive premises in California as infected with vND, including 4 commercial premises. These positive premises were found in six counties, including 263 in Riverside County, 164 in San Bernardino County, 46 in Los Angeles County, 1 in Ventura County, 1 in Alameda County, and 1 in San Diego County. USDA also confirmed 1 infected premises in Utah County, Utah and 1 infected premises in Coconino County, Arizona, both linked to birds that were moved from the quarantine area in California.