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Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
U.S. Department of Agriculture

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Aquatic Animal Diseases

Last Modified: May 5, 2021
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Information on diseases that pose a significant threat to commercial aquaculture industry sectors in the U.S.

Infectious diseases affect cultured aquatic animal populations similar to the impacts seen in other livestock sectors; loss of production, increased costs associated with treatment, and loss of trade or markets.   APHIS encourages aquaculture producers to work with aquatic animal veterinarians and other aquatic animal health experts to address health issues on the production site.

APHIS encourages the reporting of detections of all OIE-listed aquatic animal diseases to state animal health officials (SAHO). 

Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus (ISAV)

ISAV, or more commonly "ISA" is a viral disease that causes severe anemia in infected fish. It affects farmed and wild Atlantic salmon in several areas of the world. APHIS works with fish health partners to help protect U.S. aquaculture and wild fish populations from this disease.

Emerging Diseases

OIE Diseases

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease

Infection with Aphanomyces astaci (crayfish plague)

Infection with Hepatobacter penaei (necrotising hepatopancreatitis)

Infection with infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus

Infection with infectious myonecrosis virus

Infection with Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (white tail disease)

Infection with Taura syndrome virus

Infection with white spot syndrome virus

Infection with yellow head virus genotype 1

OIE Diseases

  • Infection with abalone herpesvirus
  • Infection with Bonamia exitiosa
  • Infection with Bonamia ostreae
  • Infection with Marteilia refringens
  • Infection with Perkinsus marinus
  • Infection with Perkinsus olseni
  • Infection with Xenohaliotis californiensis

Emerging Diseases

  • Ostreid Herpevirus (OSHV)

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