National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC)

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Immunocontraception in Mammals
Publications

2011

11-GIONFRIDDO, J. P., A. J. DENICOLA, AND K. A. FAGERSTONE. 2011. Efficacy of GnRH immunocontraception of wild white-tailed deer in New Jersey. Wildlife Society Bulletin 35:142-148.

11-GIONFRIDDO, J. P., A. J. DENICOLA, L. A. MILLER, AND K. A. FAGERSTONE. 2011. Health effects of GnRH immunocontraception of wild white-tailed deer in New Jersey. Wildlife Society Bulletin 35:149-160.

11-LEVY, J. K., J. A. FRIARY, L. A. MILLER, S. J. TUCKER, AND K. A. FAGERSTONE. 2011. Long-term fertility control in female cats with GonaCon^tm, a GnRH immunocontraceptive. Theriogenology 76:1517-1525.

11-PAI, M., R. BRUNER, D. H. SCHLAFER, G. K. YARROW, C. A. YODER, AND L. A. MILLER. 2011. Immunocontraception in eastern gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis): morphologic changes in reproductive organs. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 42:718-722

11-POWERS, J. G., D. L. BAKER, T. L. DAVIS, M.M. CONNER, A. H. LOTHRIDGE, T. M. NETT. 2011. Effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone immunization on reproductive function and behavior in captive female Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni). (Not available through NWRC).

11-YODER, C. A., B. A. MAYLE, C. A. FURCOLOW, D. P. COWAN, AND K. A. FAGERSTONE. 2011. Feeding of grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) with the contraceptive agent DiazaCon tm: effect on cholesterol, hematology, and blood chemistry. Integrative Zoology 6:409-419.

11-YODER, C. A., AND L. A. MILLER. 2010. Effect of GonaCon^tm vaccine on black-tailed prairie dogs: immune response and health effects. Vaccine 29:233-239.

2010

10-CAMPBELL, T. A., M. R. GARCIA, L. A. MILLER, M. A. RAMIREZ, D. B. LONG, J.-B. MARCHAND, AND F. HILL. 2010. Immunocontraception in male feral swine treated with a recombinant gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine. Journal of Swine Health and Production 18:118-124. 796K

10-GRAY, M. E., D. S. THAIN, E. Z. CAMERON, AND L. A. MILLER. 2010. Multi-year fertility reduction in free-roaming feral horses with single-injection immunocontraceptive formulations. Wildlife Research 37:475-481. 215K

2009

09-BARRELL, G. K., S. C. T. SCHAAFSMA, M. J. RIDGWAY, M. WELLBY, AND L. A. MILLER. 2009. Effects of a synthetic gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist, leuprolide, on rut-associated events in male deer. Animal Production Science 49:1120-1124. 273K

09-BENDER, S. C., D. L. BERGMAN, K. M. WENNING, L. A. MILLER, D. SLATE, F. R. JACKSON, AND C. E. RUPPRECHT. 2009. No adverse effects of simultaneous vaccination with the immunocontraceptive GonaCon ^tmand a commercial rabies vaccine on rabies virus neutralizing antibody production in dogs. Vaccine 27:7210-7213. 269K

2008

08-CURTIS, P. D., M. E. RICHMOND, L. A. MILLER, AND F. W. QUIMBY. 2008. Physiological effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone immunocontraception on white-tailed deer. Human-Wildlife Conflicts 2:68-79. 437K

08-HINDS, L. A., L. J. A. LABUTUT, M. A. SNAPE, AND L. A. MILLER. 2008. Effects of a GnRH vaccine (GonaCon^TM) on the fertility of male and female wallabies (abstract only) Vertebrate Pests Conference, Darwin, Australia.

08-KILLIAN, G., T. J. KREEGER,  J. RHYAN, K. A. FAGERSTONE, AND L. MILLER. 2008. Observations on the use of GnRH immunocontraceptive vaccine in female elk (Cervus elaphus). Accepted by J. Wildlife Diseases

08-KILLIAN, G. J., D. THAIN, N. K. DIEHL, J. C. RHYAN, AND L. A. MILLER. 2008. Four-year contrception rates of mares treated with single-injection porcine zona pellucida and GnRH vaccines and intrauterine devices. Wildlife Research 35:531-539. 392K

08-KILLIAN, G. J., D. WAGNER, K. A. FAGERSTONE, AND L. A. MILLER. 2008. Long-term efficacy and reproductive behavior associated with GonaCon^tm use in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 23:240-243. 180K

08-MASSEI, G., D. P. COWAN, J. COATS, F. GLADWELL, J. E. LANE, AND L. A. MILLER. 2008. Effect of the GnRH vaccine GonaCon on the fertility, physiology and behaviour of wild boar. Wildlife Research 35:540-547. 359K

08-MILLER, L. A., K. A. FAGERSTONE, J. KEMP, AND G. J. KILLIAN. 2008. Immune mechanisms and characterization of injection site reactions involved in the multi-year contraceptive effect of the GonaContm vaccine. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 23:244-249. 466K

08-MILLER, L. A., J.GIONFRIDDO, K. A. FAGERSTONE, J. RHYAN, AND G. KILLIAN. 2008. The single-shot GnRH imunocontraceptive vaccine (GonaCon^TM) in white-tailed deer: comparison of several GnRH  preparations. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 60:214-223. 243K

08-MILLER, L. A., J. P. GIONFRIDDO, J. C. RHYAN, K. A. FAGERSTONE, D. C. WAGNER, AND G. J. KILLIAN. 2008. GnRH immunocontraception of male and female white-tailed deer fawns. Human-Wildlife Conflicts 2:93-101. 269K

08-PERRY, K. R., L. A. MILLER, AND J. TAYLOR. 2008. Mycobacterium avium: is it an essential ingredient for a single-injection immunocontraceptive vaccine? Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 23:253-256. 332K

2006

06-47 KILLIAN, G., N. K. DIEHL, L. MILLER, J. RHYAN, AND D. THAIN. 2006. Long-term efficacy of three contraceptive approaches for population control of wild horses. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 22:67-71. 172K

06-48 KILLIAN, G., J. D. EISEMANN, D. WAGNER, J. WERNER, D. SHAW, R. ENGEMAN, AND L. MILLER. 2006. Safety and toxicity evaluation of GonaCon immunocontraceptive vaccine in white-tailed deer. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 22:82-87. 205K

06-49 KILLIAN, G., L. MILLER, J. RHYAN, AND H. DOTEN. 2006. Immunocontraception of Florida feral swine with a single-dose GnRH vaccine. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 55:378-384. 172K

2004

04-64 MILLER, L. A., J. C. RHYAN, AND M. DREW. 2004. Contraception of bison by GnRH vaccine: a possible means of decreasing transmission of brucellosis in bison. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 40:725-730. (PDF; 104KB)

04-65 MILLER, L. A., J. RHYAN, AND G. KILLIAN. 2004. GonaCon™, a versatile GnRH contraceptive for a large variety of pest animal problems. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 21:269-273. (PDF; 365KB)

04-68 NASH, P. B., D. K. JAMES, AND L. T. HUI, AND L. A. MILLER. 2004. Fertility control of California ground squirrels using GnRH immunocontraception. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 21:274-278. (PDF; 352KB)

04-51 KILLIAN, G., L. A. MILLER, N. K. DIEHL, J. RHYAN, AND D. THAIN. 2004. Evaluation of three contraceptive approaches for population control of wild horses. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 21:263-268. (PDF; 347KB)

04-55 LEVY, J. K., L. A. MILLER, P. C. CRAWFORD, J. W. RITCHEY, M. K. ROSS, AND K. A. FAGERSTONE. 2004. GnRH immunocontraception of male cats. Theriogenology 62:1116-1130. (PDF; 356KB)

2003

03-50 KILLIAN, G., L. MILLER, J. RHYAN, T. DEES, D. PERRY, AND H. DOTEN. 2003. Evaluation of GnRH contraceptive vaccine in captive feral swine in Florida. Pages 128-133 in K.A. Fagerstone, and G. W. Witmer editors. Proceedings of the 10th Wildlife Damage Management Conference. (April 6-9, 2003, Hot Springs, Arkansas). The Wildlife Damage Management Working Group of The Wildlife Society, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. (PDF; 164KB)

03-63 MILLER, L., J. RHYAN, AND G. KILLIAN. 2003. Evaluation of GnRH contraceptive vaccine using domestic swine as a model for feral hogs. Pages 120-127 in K.A. Fagerstone, and G. W. Witmer editors. Proceedings of the 10th Wildlife Damage Management Conference. (April 6-9, 2003, Hot Springs, Arkansas). The Wildlife Damage Management Working Group of The Wildlife Society, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. (PDF; 134KB)

2000

00-47 MILLER, L. A., B. E. JOHNS, and  G. J. KILLIAN. 2000. Immunocontraception of white-tailed deer with GnRH vaccine. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 44:266-274. (PDF; 1,415KB)

1997

97-65 MILLER, L. A., B. E. JOHNS, D. J. ELIAS, AND K. A. CRANE. 1997. Comparative efficacy of two immunocontraceptive vaccines. Vaccine 15(17/18):1858-1862. (PDF; 647KB)

97-77 SHUMAKE, S. A. AND G. KILLIAN. 1997. White-tailed deer activity, contraception, and estrous cycling. Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings 13:124-137. (PDF; 205KB)

1995

95-1U SHUMAKE, S. A. AND E. S. WILHELM. 1995 Comparison of effects of four immunocontraceptive treatments on estrous cycle and rutting behavior in captive white-tailed deer. USDA/APHIS Denver Wildlife Research Center, Denver CO. Unpublished report.