National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC)

Publications

2013

Allen B.L., Fleming P.J.S., Allen L.R., Engeman R.M.E., Ballard G., Leung L.K.P. 2013. As clear as mud: A critical review of evidence for the ecological roles of Australian dingoes. Biological Conservation 159:158-174. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.12.004.

Baldwin R.A., Marcum D.B., Orloff S.B., Vasquez S.J., Wilen C.A.W., Engeman R.M. 2013. The influence of trap type and cover status on capture rates of pocket gophers in California. Crop Protection 46:7-12.

Engeman, R.M., W.C. Pitt, A.R. Berentsen and J.D. Eisemann. 2013. Assessing spatial variation and overall density of aerially broadcast toxic bait during a rat eradication on Palmyra Atoll. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 20:480-487. DOI 10.1007/s11356-012-1050-6.

Fischer, J.W., W.D. Walter, and M.L. Avery. 2013. Brownian bridge movement models to characterize birds' home ranges. The Condor 115(2):298-305. DOI: 10.1525/cond.2013.110168

Hartmann, J.W., S.F. Beckerman, T.W. Seamans, R.M. Engeman, and S. Beazley. 2013. Report to the City of Chicago on conflicts with ring-billed gulls and the 2012 integrated ring-billed gull damage management project. Chicago, USDA, Wildlife Services.

Hobson E.A., Avery M.L., Wright T.F. 2013. An analytical framework for quantifying and testing patterns of temporal dynamics in social networks. Animal Behaviour 85:83-96. DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.10.010.

Longcore, T., C. Rich, P. Mineau, B. MacDonald, D. G. Bert, L. M. Sullivan, E. Mutrie, S. A. Gauthreaux, M. L. Avery, R. L. Crawford, A. M. Manville, E. R. Travis, and D. Drake. 2013. Avian mortality at communication towers in the United States and Canada: Which species, how many, and where? Biological Conservation 158:410-419.

2012

Annala, M., E. A. Tillman, G. Backus, K. L. Keacher, and M. L. Avery. 2012. Crow pellets from winter roosts in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.  Northeastern Naturalist 19:527-532.

Avery, M. L., E. A. Tillman, K. L. Keacher, J. E. Arnett, and K. J. Lundy. 2012. Biology of Invasive Monk Parakeets in South Florida. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 124:581-588.

Engeman R.M., Couturier K., Felix R.K., Avery M.L. 2012. Feral swine disturbance at important archaeological sites. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1367-1.

Engeman, R.M., J. W. Hartmann, S. F. Beckerman, T.W. Seamans and S. Abu-Absi.  2012. Egg oiling to reduce hatch-year ring-billed gull numbers on Chicago’s beaches during swim season and water quality test results.  EcoHealth 9:195-204.

Engeman, R., R. E. Martin, J. Woolard, M. Stahl, C. Pelizza, A. Duffiney and B. Constantin.  2012.  An ideal combination for marine turtle conservation: exceptional nesting season, with low nest predation resulting from effective low-cost predator management. Oryx 46:229-235.

Hobson, E.A., Avery M.L., Wright T.F. 2012. An analytical framework for quantifying and testing patterns of temporal dynamics in social networks. Animal Behaviour. In press: DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.10.010.

Jacobson, E. R., D. G. Barker, T. M. Barker, R. Mauldin, M. L. Avery, R. Engeman, and S. Secor. 2012. Environmental temperatures, physiology and behavior limit the range expansion of invasive Burmese pythons in southeastern USA. Integrative Zoology 7:271-285.

Longcore, T., C. Rich, P. Mineau, B. Macdonald, D. G. Bert, L. M. Sullivan, E. Mutrie, S. A. Gauthreaux, Jr., M. L. Avery, R. L. Crawford, A. M. Manville, 2nd, E. R. Travis, and D. Drake. 2012. An estimate of avian mortality at communication towers in the United States and Canada. PloS One (Online: www. plosone. org) 7:e34025, doi:10. 1371/journal. pone0034425.

Moulton, M. P., W. P. Cropper Jr, L. E. Moulton, M. L. Avery, and D. Peacock. P. 2012. A reassessment of historical records of avian introductions to Australia: no case for propagule pressure. Biodiversity and Conservation 21:155-174.

Moulton, M. P., W. P. Cropper, Jr., and M.L. Avery. 2012. Historical records of passerine introductions to New Zealand fail to support the propagule pressure hypothesis. Biodiversity and Conservation 21:297-307.

Thomas, J.F., R.M. Engeman, E.A. Tillman, J.W. Fischer, S.L. Orzell, D.H. Glueck, R.K. Felix, and M.L. Avery. 2012. Optimizing line intercept sampling and estimation for feral swine damage levels in ecologically sensitive wetland plant communities. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-8. DOI 10.1007/s11356-012-1004-z.

Walter W. D., J. W. Fischer, J. S. Humphrey, T. S. Daughtery, M. P. Milleson, E. A. Tillman , and M. L. Avery.  2012.  Using three-dimensional flight patterns at airfields to identify hotspots for avian-aircraft collisions.  Applied Geography 35:53-59.

2011

11-ALLEN, B. L., R. M. ENGEMAN, AND L. R. ALLEN. 2011. Wild dogma: an examination of recent "evidence" for dingo regulation of invasive mesopredator release in Australia. Current Zoology 57:568-583.

11-ALLEN, B. L., R. M. ENGEMAN, AND L. R. ALLEN. 2011. Wild dogma II: the role and implications of wild dogma for wild dog management in Australia. Current Zoology 57:737-740.

11-AVERY, M. L., J. D. EISEMANN, K. L. KEACHER, AND P. J. SAVARIE. 2011. Acetaminophen and zinc phosphide for lethal management of invasive lizards Ctenosaura similis. Current Zoology 57:625-629

11-AVERY, M. L., J. S. HUMPHREY, T. S. DAUGHTERY, J. W. FISCHER, M. P. MILLESON, E. A. TILLMAN, W. E. BRUCE, AND W. D. WALTER. 2011. Vulture flight behavior and implications for aircraft safety. Journal of Wildlife Management 75:1581-1587.

11-ENGEMAN, R. M., C. BETSILL, AND T. RAY. 2011. Making contact: rooting out the potential for exposure of commercial production swine facilities to feral swine in North Carolina. EcoHealth 8:76-81.

11-ENGEMAN, R. M., E. JACOBSON, M. L. AVERY, AND W. E. MESHAKA JR. 2011. The aggressive invasion of exotic reptiles in Florida with a focus on prominent species: a review. Current Zoology 57:599-612.

11-FALL, M. W., M. L. AVERY, T. A. CAMPBELL, P. J. EGAN, R. M. ENGEMAN, D. PIMENTEL, W. C. PITT, S. A. SHWIFF, AND G. W. WITMER. 2011. Rodents and other vertebrate invaders in the United States. Pages 381-410 in D. Pimentel ,editor. Biological invasions, 2nd edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 6MB

11-GREENBURG, R., D. W. DEMAREST, S. M. MATSUOKA, C. METTKE-HOFMANN, D. EVERS, P. B. HAMEL, J. LUCIER, L. L. POWELL, M. L. AVERY, K. A. HOBSON, P. J. BLANCHER, AND D. K. NIVEN. 2011. Understanding declines in rusty blackbirds. Pages 107-125 in J. V. Wells, editor. Boreal birds of North America: a hemispheric view of their conservation links and significance. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

11-MOULTON, M. P., JR. W. P. CROPPER, AND M. L. AVERY. 2011. A reassessment of the role of propagule pressure in influencing fates of passerine introductions to New Zealand. Biodiversity and Conservation 20:607-623. 306K

11-SAVARIE, P. J., R. M. ENGEMAN, R. E. MAULDIN, T. MATHIES, AND K. L. TOPE. 2011. Tools for managing invasions: acceptance of non-toxic baits by juvenile Nile monitor lizards and Burmese pythons under laboratory conditions. International Journal of Pest Management 57:309-314.

2010

10-AVERY, M. L., R. M. ENGEMAN, K. L. KEACHER, J. S. HUMPHREY, W. E. BRUCE, T. C. MATHIES, AND R. E. MAULDIN. 2010. Cold weather and the potential range of invasive Burmese pythons. (Biological Invasions 12:3649-3652. 124K

10-BEASON, R. C., J. S. HUMPHREY, N. E. MYERS, AND M. L. AVERY. 2010. Synchronous monitoring of vulture movements with satellite telemetry and avian radar. Journal of Zoology 282:157-162. 774K

10-COOEY, C. K., J. A. FALLON, M. L. AVERY, J. T. ANDERSON, E. A. FALKENSTEIN, AND H. KLANDORF. 2010. Refinement of biomarker pentosidine methodology for use on aging birds. Human-Wildlife Interactions 4:304-314. 257K

10-ENGEMAN, R. M., A. DUFFINEY, S. BRAEM, C. OLSEN, B. U. CONSTANTIN, P. SMALL, J. DUNLAP, AND J. C. GRIFFIN. 2010. Dramatic and immediate improvements in insular nesting success for threatened sea turtles and shorebirds following predator management. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 395:147-152. 183K

10-ENGEMAN, R. M., J. E. LABORDE, B. U. CONSTANTIN, S. A. SHWIFF, P. HALL, A. DUFFINEY, AND F. LUCIANO. 2010. Economic impacts to commercial farms from invasive monkeys in Puerto Rico. Crop Protection 29:401-405.

10-GONCALVES DA SILVA, A., J. R. EBERHARD, T. F. WRIGHT, M. L. AVERY, AND M. A. RUSSELLO. 2010. Genetic evidence for high propagule pressure and long-distance dispersal in monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) invasive populations. Molecular Ecology 19:3336-3350.

10-MOULTON, M. P., W. P. CROPPER JR., M. L. AVERY, AND L. E. MOULTON. 2010. The earliest house sparrow introductions to North America. Biological Invasions DOI 10.1007/s10530-010-9692-0. 143K (printed copy/citation not available as of May 2010)

10-SIEVING, K. R., S. A. HETRICK, AND M. L. AVERY. 2010. The versatility of graded acoustic measures in classification of predation threats by the tufted titmouse Baeolophus bicolor: exploring a mixed framework for threat communication. Oikos 119:264-276.

10-SPALDING, M. G., J. W. MERTINS, M. J. REETZ, K. L. KEACHER, AND M. L. AVERY. 2010. Mite-filled cyst on a brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) in Florida, USA. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 46:1279-1283. 605K

10-WRIGHT, T. F., J. R. EBERHARD, E. A. HOBSON, AND M. L. AVERY. 2010. Behavioral flexibility and species invasions: the adaptive flexibility hypothesis. Ethology Ecology & Evolution 22:393-404. 218K

2009

09-ENGEMAN, R. M., A. BARD, H. T. SMITH, AND N. P. GRONINGER. 2009. Relating ten years of northern raccoon road-kill data to their attraction to sea turtle nests. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 4:340-344.

09-ENGEMAN, R. M., B. U. CONSTANTIN, K. S. GRUVER, AND C. ROSSI. 2009. Managing predators to protect endangered species and promote their successful reproduction. Pages 171-187 in  A. Columbus and L. Kuznetsov, editors. Endangered Species: New Research. Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, New York.

09-ENGEMAN, R., B. U. CONSTANTIN, S. HARDIN, H. SMITH, AND JR. W. E. MESHAKA. 2009. "Species pollution" in Florida: a cross-section of invasive vertebrate issues and management responses. Pages 179-197 in  C. P. Wilcox and R. B. Turpin, editors. Invasive species: detection, impact, and control. Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, New York. 1,581K

09-EVANGELISTA, P., R. ENGEMAN, AND L. TALLENTS. 2009. Testing a passive tracking index for monitoring the endangered Ethiopian wolf. Integrative Zoology 4:172-178.

09-GIONFRIDDO, J. P., J. D. EISEMANN, K. J. SULLIVAN, R. S. HEALEY, L. A. MILLER, K. A. FAGERSTONE, R. M. ENGEMAN, AND C. A. YODER. 2009. Field test of a single-injection gonadotrophin-releasing hormone immunocontraceptive vaccine in female white-tailed deer. Wildlife Research 36:177-184. 430K

09-RUNGE, M. C., J. R. SAUER, M. L. AVERY, B. F. BLACKWELL, AND M. D. KONEFF. 2009. Assessing allowable take of migratory birds. Journal of Wildlife Management 73:556-565. 268K

09- TUPPER, S. K., J. L. CUMMINGS, AND R. M. ENGEMAN. 2009. Longevity of DayGlo fluorescent particle marker used to mark birds in flight pen and field. Wildlife Research 36:323. 266K

09-VICE, D. S., R. M. ENGEMAN, M. A. HALL, AND C. S. CLARK. 2009. Working dogs: the last line of defense for preventing dispersal of brown treesnakes from Guam. Pages 195-204 in  W. S. Helton ,editor. Canine ergonomics: the science of working dogs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 645K

2008

08-AVERY, M. L., K. L. KEACHER, AND E. A. TILLMAN. 2008. Nicarbazin bait reduces reproduction by pigeons (Columba livia). Wildlife Research 35:80-85. 145K

08-AVERY, M. L., E. A. TILLMAN, AND J. S. HUMPHREY. 2008. Effigies for dispersing urban crow roosts. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 23:84-87. 398K

08-AVERY, M. L., C. A. YODER, AND E. A. TILLMAN. 2008. Diazacon inhibits reproduction in invasive monk parakeet populations. Journal of Wildlife Management 72:1449-1452. 165K

08-13 BLAUM, N., R. M. ENGEMAN, B. WASIOLKA, AND E. ROSSMANITH. 2008. Indexing small mammalian carnivores in the southern Kalahari, South Africa. Wildlife Research 35:72-79. 346K

08- ENGEMAN, R. M., J. A. DUQUESNEL, E. M. COWAN, H. T. SMITH, S. A. SHWIFF, AND M. KARLIN. 2008. Assessing boat damage to seagrass bed habitat in a Florida park from a bioeconomics perspective. Journal of Coastal Research 24:527-532. 82K

08-NEWMAN, J. R., C. M. NEWMAN, J. R. LINDSAY, B. MERCHANT, M. L. AVERY, AND S. PRUETT-JONES. 2008. Monk parakeets: an expanding problem on power lines and other electrical utility structures. Pages 355-363 in J. W. Goodrich-Mahoney, L. P. Abrahamson, J. L. Ballard, and S. M. Tikalsky, editors. Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management: Eighth International Symposium. Elsevier, Boston, Massachusetts 1,976K

08-62 MEYERSON, L. A., R. M. ENGEMAN, AND R. O'MALLEY. 2008. Tracking non-native vertebrate species: indicator design for the United States of America. Wildlife Research 35:235-241. 187K

08-RUSSELLO, M. A., M. L. AVERY, AND T. F. WRIGHT. 2008. Genetic evidence links invasive monk parakeet populations in the United States to the international pet trade. BMC Evolutionary Biology 8. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/217

08 WHITE, N. A., R. M. ENGEMAN, R. T. SUGIHARA, AND H. W. KRUPA. 2008. A comparison of plotless density estimators using Monte Carlo simulation on totally enumerated field data sets. BMC Ecology 8. Online: www. biomedcentral. com/1472-6785/8/6. (DOI: 10. 1186/1472-6785-8-6) .

08-WHITE, P. C. L., A. E. S. FORD, M. N. CLOUT, R. M. ENGEMAN, S. ROY, AND G. SAUNDERS. 2008. Alien invasive vertebrates in ecosystems: pattern, process and the social dimension. Wildlife Research 35:171-179. 181K

2007

07-AVERY, M. L., AND M. P. MOULTON. 2007. Florida's non-native avifauna. Pages 365-377 in G. W. Witmer, W. C. Pitt, and K. A. Fagerstone, editors. Managing invasive vertebrate species: proceedings of an international symposium. USDA/APHIS/National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. 142K

07-BLACKWELL, B. F., M. L. AVERY, B. D. WATTS, AND M. S. LOWNEY. 2007. Demographics of black vultures in North Carolina. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1976-1979. 76K

07-ENGEMAN, R. M., B. U. CONSTANTIN, S. A. SHWIFF, H. T. SMITH, J. WOOLARD, J. ALLEN, AND J. DUNLAP. 2007. Adaptive and economic management methods for feral hog control in Florida. Human-Wildlife Conflicts 1:178-185. 384K

07-ENGEMAN, R. M., A. STEVENS, J. ALLEN, J. DUNLAP, M. DANIEL, D. TEAGUE, AND B. CONSTANTIN. 2007. Feral swine management for conservation of an imperiled wetland habitat: Florida's vanishing seepage slopes. Biological Conservation 134:440-446.

07-ENGEMAN, R. M., J. WOOLARD, H. T. SMITH, J. BOURASSA, B. U. CONSTANTIN, AND D. GRIFFIN. 2007. An extraordinary patch of feral hog damage in Florida before and after initiating hog removal. Human-Wildlife Conflicts 1:271-275. 395K

07-PRUETT-JONES, S., J. R. NEWMAN, C. M. NEWMAN, M. L. AVERY, AND J. R. LINDSAY. 2007. Population viability analysis of monk parakeets in the United States and examination of alternative management strategies. Human-Wildlife Conflicts 1:35-44. 543K

07-YODER, C. A., M. L. AVERY, K. L. KEACHER, AND E. A. TILLMAN. 2007. Use of DiazaContm as a reproductive inhibitor for monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus). Wildlife Research 34:8-13. 181K

2006

06-AVERY, M. L., J. R. LINDSAY, J. R. NEWMAN, S. PRUETT-JONES, AND E. A. TILLMAN. 2006. Reducing monk parakeet impacts to electric utility facilities in South Florida. Pages 125-136 in e. C. J. Feare and D. P.Cowan, editors. Advances in vertebrate pest management Vol IV. Filander Verlag, Furth, Federal Republic of Germany. 154K

06-ENGEMAN, R. M., R. E. MARTIN, H. T. SMITH, J. WOOLARD, C. K. CRADY, B. CONSTANTIN, M. STAHL, AND N. P. GRONINGER. 2006. Impact on predation of sea turtle nests when predator control was removed midway through the nesting season. Wildlife Research 33:187-192. 120K

06-ENGEMAN, R., AND D. WHISSON. 2006. Using a general indexing paradigm to monitor rodent populations. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 58:2-8. 148K

06-ENGEMAN, R., D. WHISSON, J. QUINN, F. CANO, P. QUINONES, AND T. H. WHITE JR. 2006. Monitoring invasive mammalian predator populations sharing habitat with the critically endangered Puerto Rican parrot Amazona vittata. Oryx 40:95-102. 129K

06-ENGEMAN, R., J. W. WOOLARD, N. D. PERRY, G. WITMER, S. HARDIN, L. BRASHEARS, H. SMITH, B. MUIZNIEKS, AND B. CONSTANTIN. 2006. Rapid assessment for a new invasive species threat: the case of the Gambian giant pouched rat in Florida. Wildlife Research 33:439-448. 403K

06-TEMBY, I. D., AND R. M. ENGEMAN. 2006. A test of targeted and passive capture of Australian elapids with a brown tree snake trap. Journal for Nature Conservation 14:127-128. 118K

06-GREEN, M. C., J. L. WAITS, M. L. AVERY, M. E. TOBIN, AND P.L. LEBERG. 2006. Microsatellite variation of double-crested cormorant populations in eastern North America. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:579-583. 86K

2005

05-5 AVERY, M. L., AND E. A.TILLMAN. 2005. Alien birds in North America--challenges for wildlife managers. Proceedings of the Wildlife Damage Management Conference 11:82-89. 70K

05-6 AVERY, M. L., S. J. WERNER, J. L. CUMMINGS, J. S. HUMPHREY, M. P. MILLESON, J. C. CARLSON, T. M. PRIMUS, AND M. J. GOODALL. 2005. Caffeine for reducing bird damage to newly seeded rice. Crop Protection 24:651-657. 312K

05-23 ENGEMAN, R. M. 2005. Indexing principles and a widely applicable paradigm for indexing animal populations. Wildlife Research 32:203-210. 111K

05-24 ENGEMAN, R. M., B. CONSTANTIN, S. A. SHWIFF, H. T. SMITH, AND J. WOOLARD. 2005. Research to support and enhance feral swine removal efforts. Proceedings of the Australasian Vertebrate Pest Conference 13:69-74. 467K

05-26 ENGEMAN, R. M., R. E. MARTIN, H. T. SMITH, J. WOOLARD, C. K. CRADY, S. A. SHWIFF, B. CONSTANTIN, M. STAHL, AND J. GRINER. 2005. Dramatic reduction in predation on marine turtle nests through improved predator monitoring and management. Oryx 39:318-326. 95K

05-27 ENGEMAN, R. M., R. M. NIELSON, AND R. T. SUGIHARA. 2005. Evaluation of optimized variable area transect sampling using totally enumerated field data sets. Environmetrics 16:767-772. 59K

05-28 ENGEMAN, R. M., H. T. SMITH, AND B. CONSTANTIN. 2005. Invasive iguanas as airstrike hazards at Luis Munoz Marin International Airport, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education and Research 14:45-50. 395K

05-61 MESHAKA, JR., W. E., H. T. SMITH, R. M. ENGEMAN, C. L. DEAN, J. A. MOORE, AND W. E. O'BRIEN. 2005. The geographically contiguous and expanding coastal range of the northern curlytail lizard (Leiocephalus carinatus armouri) in Florida. Southeastern Naturalist 4:521-526. 1,697K

05-96 WHISSON, D. A., R. M. ENGEMAN, AND K. COLLINS. 2005. Developing relative abundance techniques (RATs) for monitoring rodent population. Wildlife Research 32:239-244. 100K

05-48 JONES, G. A., K. E. SIEVING, M. L. AVERY, AND R. L. MEAGHER. 2005. Parasitized and non-parasitized prey selectivity by an insectivorous bird. Crop Protection 24:185-189. 250K

2002-2004

AVERY, M. L. 2004. Trends in North America vulture populations. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 21:116-121. 352K

AVERY, M. L., AND J. L CUMMINGS. 2004. Livestock depredations by black vultures and golden eagles. Sheep and Goat Research Journal 19:58:63.

ENGEMAN, R. M., H. T. SMITH, S. A. SHWIFF, B. CONSTANTIN, J. WOOLARD, M. NELSON, AND D. GRIFFIN. 2003. Prevalence and economic value of feral swine damage to native habitat in three Florida state parks. Environmental Conservation 30(4):319-324. 339K

AVERY, M. L., J. S. HUMPHREY, E. A. TILLMAN, K. O. PHARES, AND J. E. HATCHER. 2002. Dispersing vulture roosts on communication towers. Journal of Raptor Research 36:45-50.

HUMPHREY, J. S., M. L. AVERY, AND A. P. MCGRANE. 2000. Evaluating relocation as a vulture management tool in north Florida. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 19: 49-53.

HUMPHREY, J. S., E. A. TILLMAN, AND M. L. AVERY. 2004. Vulture-cattle interactions at a central Florida ranch. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 21:122-125.

MAULDIN, R. E., B. A. KIMBALL, J. J. JOHNSTON, J. C. HURLEY, AND M. L. AVERY. 2003. Development of a synthetic materials mimic for vulture olfaction research. Proceedings: Wildlife Damage Management Conference. 10:430-438.

TILLMAN, E. A., J. S. HUMPHREY, AND M. L. AVERY. 2002. Use of vulture carcasses and effigies to reduce vulture damage to property and agriculture. Proceedings: Vertebrate Pest Conference 20:123-128.

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Vulture Publications only
Gainesville, FL, Field Station
Report Tagged Vultures
Guidelines For Using Effigies to Disperse Nuisance Vulture Roosts (PDF)

Solutions Through Science: Reducing Damage Caused by Vultures

Vulture Management Factsheet
Additional Wildlife Services Vulture Information