Short
Report
How extensive is the disease in the affected countries,
and what was the disease status of the countries prior to the outbreak?
Brazil
: An outbreak of foot and mouth disease (FMD) seroype O was reported to the OIE by
Brazil
on June 17, 2004. The outbreak occurred in the Monte Alegre district in the northern State of Para, where three
head of a 130 cattle herd were found to be infected. The affected premises
is in a relatively isolated area on the north bank of the Amazon river. A
quarantine and movement controls have been initiated and an epidemiological
investigation is underway.
Brazil
previously reported FMD outbreaks in its southern zones in 2001 (type A)
and 2000 (type O), and in its northern states in 1999 (type O). The current
outbreak is approximately 450 miles north of a group of Brazilian states
that the OIE presently classifies as
“FMD free zones where vaccination is practiced”. The
US
does not recognized
Brazil
to be free of FMD and thus allows no Brazilian imports of potentially affected
products.
Peru
:
Peru
’s Director General for Animal Health reported to the OIE an outbreak of
FMD on June 17, 2004. Positive laboratory diagnosis of FMD type O was made
on June 11 and June 14, 2004 on samples taken from eight feeder cattle originating
on three farms in the Lurin district, Lima Department. A vaccination program had
been in place in the affected area. The eight FMD-positive cattle and 80
cattle that had contact with the infected cattle were destroyed and movement
restrictions were put in place for susceptible species in the affected area. In
addition to enhanced FMD serological monitoring, booster vaccination is being
stepped up in the area.
Previously,
Peru
reported cases of FMD in 2000 and in 1999, with the 1999 outbreak affecting
cattle, sheep, and swine. The OIE and the
US
do not consider
Peru
to be free of FMD.
Sources: OIE Disease Information Report; CEI Impact
Worksheets
What are the
U.S.
imports of affected animals or animal products from
Brazil
and
Peru
?
Because
Brazil
and
Peru
are not recognized by the
US
to be free of FMD, the
US
imports no live ruminants or swine from either country. The
US
restricts imports of meat and other ruminant and swine
products from non-FMD free countries to products that are processed and prepared
according to specified Federal regulations designed to mitigate the risk
of FMD transmission.
US
imports from
Brazil
: During 2003, the
US
imported approximately $151 million in processed meat
and $75 million in other processed animal and dairy products from
Brazil
. In addition,
Brazil
exported to the
US
about $7 million in processed hides, biologics, and
animal feed. The corresponding import product values from January through
April 2004 are $56.8 million in processed meat, $25.3 million in other processed
animal products, and $2.3 million in processed hides, biologics, and animal
feed.
US imports
from
Peru
:
US
imports of processed meat and other animal products
from
Peru
are relatively small. In 2003, the
US
imported a value of $1.3 million in processed ruminant
products. Of that amount, about $1.1 million was comprised of hides and
animal skins. During the January through April 2004 period,
Peru
exported to the
US
about $500,000 in ruminant products.
Source: World Trade Atlas
Additional information on previous FMD outbreaks in
Brazil
and
Peru
may be found on the CEI website at http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/cei/iw_archive.htm
If you seek more information or wish to comment on this
worksheet, please contact Cynthia Johnson at 970-494-7332 or Wolf
Weber at 970-494-7222.
